Project-Based Learning (PBL) as a Strategy for Developing Leadership and Problem-Solving in Education

Abstract

Project-Based Learning (PBL) emerges as a methodology that transforms the role of the student by placing them at the centre of the learning process through projects linked to real-world situations that foster research, critical analysis, and collaborative work. This approach promotes not only conceptual understanding but also essential skills for addressing complex challenges. The literature shows that PBL strengthens competencies such as leadership and problem-solving by involving students in decision-making, task organisation, and resource management within cooperative dynamics. In order to rigorously examine the mechanisms, conditions, and effects underlying these contributions, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA method, enabling a transparent and structured process of search, selection, and analysis. The findings indicate that PBL is highly effective in promoting autonomy, collaboration, and critical reflection, thereby enhancing students’ holistic development.